Table 2. Growth performance and feed utilization of red seabream, Pagrus major (initial body weight, 30.5±0.4 g) fed experimental diets for 12 weeks
| FBW1) | FCR2) | PER3) | Survival (%) |
AA30 | 79.4 | 1.22 | 1.80 | 96.7 |
AA90 | 79.5 | 1.28 | 1.72 | 91.1 |
AA300 | 83.9 | 1.16 | 1.92 | 92.2 |
CP30 | 81.9 | 1.20 | 1.82 | 93.3 |
CP90 | 77.3 | 1.29 | 1.72 | 92.2 |
CP300 | 79.5 | 1.20 | 1.84 | 96.7 |
SEM4) | 3.32 | 0.11 | 0.16 | 6.94 |
Analysis of variance | | | | |
Ascorbic acid level | 0.080 | 0.075 | 0.074 | 0.415 |
Ascorbic acid source | 0.246 | 0.727 | 0.660 | 0.854 |
Level × source | 0.085 | 0.843 | 0.676 | 0.248 |
AA30, AA90, and AA300 were 30, 90, and 300 mg/kg of ascorbic acid incorporated diet groups and CBP30, CBP90, and CBP300 were citrus by-products incorporated diets replacing ascorbic acid levels in the AA diets.
Values are means from triplicate groups of fish.
Final body weight (g).
Feed conversion ratio: Dry feed fed / Wet weight gain.
Protein efficiency ratio: Wet weight gain / Total protein given.
Pooled standard error of the mean.
AA, ascorbic acid; CBP, citrus by-product.