Table 3. Summary of the previous studies on Song-Gang^® bio-stone (SGS) in fish diet

	Japanese eel (Anguilla japonica)	Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)	Rainbow trout (O. mykiss)	Amur catfish (Silurus asotus)	Olive flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus)	Olive flounder (P. olivaceus)
Addition concentration range (%)	0, 0.7	0, 0.4	0, 0.4	0, 0.4	0, 0.4	0, 0.4
Optimum concentration (%)	0.7	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.4
Fish size (g)	15 ± 0.1	2.7 ± 0.02	261.5 ± 3.5	4.95 ± 0.05	10.98 ± 0.13	5.26 ± 0.17
Duration (weeks)	8	8	22	8	8	8
Effects	↑ WG, FE, SGR, PER, survival	↑ FE, PER, ↑ FE, PER, SOD, MPO, LYZ activities, survival	↑ WG, FE, SGR, PER, SOD, MPO, LYZ, NBT activities	↑ WG, FE, SGR, PER, SOD	↑ SOD, MPO, LYZ, survival	↑ WG, FE, SGR, MPO, NBT activity, survival
Water temperature (°C)	25 ± 1	15 ± 0.5	15 ± 4.5	25.0 ± 0.1		18 ± 1.0
pH	NT	7.5 ± 0.3	7.6 ± 0.3
DO (mg/L)	NT	Near saturation	6 ± 0.6
Source	Bae et al. (2008)	Won et al. (2017)	Won et al. (2017)	Amoah et al. (2017)	Oncul et al. (2017)	Bae et al. (2020)

↑ symbol: Increase.
WG, weight gain (%); FE, feed efficiency (%); SGR, specific growth rate (%/day); PER, protein efficiency ratio (%); SOD, superoxide dismutase (% inhibition); MPO, myeloperoxidase (absorbance); LYZ, lysozyme (U mL⁻1); NBT, nitroblue tetrazolium (absorbance); NT, not tested.