Table 1. Formulation and proximate composition of the four experimental diets for red seabream (%, dry matter basis)

Ingredient Experimental diets
HFM LFM KM SH
Fish meal1) 40.0 25.0 20.0 20.2
Krill meal2) 0.0 0.0 5.0 0.0
Shrimp hydrolysate2) 0.0 0.0 0.0 5.0
Soy protein concentrate3) 9.0 21.0 21.0 21.0
Corn gluten meal 8.0 8.0 8.0 8.0
Wheat flour 30.5 29.8 29.8 29.6
Squid liver oil 4.0 5.5 5.2 5.5
Soybean oil 4.0 4.0 4.0 4.0
Mineral mix4) 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
Vitamin mix5) 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
Starch 2.0 1.5 1.8 1.5
Choline chloride 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
Lysine 0.0 0.5 0.5 0.5
Methionine 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.2
Taurine 0.0 0.5 0.5 0.5
Di-calcium phosphate 0.0 1.5 1.5 1.5
Proximate composition (Analyzed, %)
 Dry matter 91.1 91.2 91.0 90.6
 Crude protein 46.9 47.1 48.2 47.9
 Crude lipid 14.6 14.4 14.6 14.4
 Ash 9.0 8.1 7.7 8.0
Morocco fish meal, 66.5% crude protein and 10.6% crude lipid.
DIANA AQUA , Aquaculture Division of DIANA, Member of SYMRISE Group, Elven, France.
SPC, Crop, Korea flavour, Korea. 73.6% crude protein and 3.2% crude lipid.
Mineral premix (g/kg of mixture): MgSO4 · 7H2O, 80.0; NaH2PO4 · 2H2O, 370.0; KCl, 130.0; Ferric citrate, 40.0; ZnSO4 · 7H2O, 20.0; Ca-lactate, 356.5; CuCl, 0.2; AlCl3 · 6H2O, 0.15; Na2Se2O3, 0.01; MnSO4 · H2O, 2.0; CoCl2 · 6H2O, 1.0.
Vitamin premix (g/kg of mixture): L-ascorbic acid, 121.2; DL-α tocopheryl acetate, 18.8; thiamin hydrochloride, 2.7; riboflavin, 9.1; pyridoxine hydrochloride, 1.8; niacin, 36.4; Ca-D-pantothenate, 12.7; myo-inositol, 181.8; D-biotin, 0.27; folic acid, 0.68; p-aminobezoic acid, 18.2; menadione, 1.8; retinyl acetate, 0.73; cholecalficerol, 0.003; cyanocobalamin, 0.003.
HFM, high fish meal; LFM, low fish meal; KM, krill meal; SH, shrimp hydrolysate; SPC, soy protein concentrate.